Povzetek: Prispevek obravnava pereče vprašanje iskanja ravnotežja med učinkovitim varstvom avtorske in sorodnih pravic (ki ga zagotavljata 60. in 33. člen Ustave) ter drugimi ustavnimi pravicami, kot so svoboda izražanja (39. člen Ustave), svoboda umetniškega ustvarjanja (59. člen Ustave), pravica do zasebne lastnine (33. člen Ustave) oziroma svoboda gospodarske pobude (74. člen Ustave). Navedeni ustavnopravni vidiki so aktualni zlasti z vidika nedavnih odločitev Vrhovnega sodišča RS in Višjega sodišča v Ljubljani v sporih med kolektivnimi organizacijami, uporabniki oziroma avtorji. Tematika je pomembna tudi z vidika evropskega prava, saj se v ustaljeni sodni praksi Sodišča EU išče ravnotežje med posameznimi temeljnimi pravicami iz Listine EU o temeljnih pravicah. V prispevku bomo predstavili ključne odločitve v slovenski in nemški ustavnosodni praksi, podrobneje pa bomo obravnavali odločitev nemškega Zveznega ustavnega sodišča v zadevi Metall-auf-Metall. S stališča ustavnega prava bomo presodili nedavne odločitve Vrhovnega sodišča RS in Višjega sodišča v Ljubljani. Komentirali bomo tudi temeljne odločbe Sodišča EU v zvezi z razlago drugega odstavka 17. člena Listine EU.
Ključne besede: Ustava RS, avtorska pravica, sorodne pravice, svoboda izražanja, pravo EU, Listina EU o temeljnih pravicah
Title: Constitutional Aspect of Protection of Copyright and Neighbouring Rights through the Prism of Contemporary Case Law
Abstract: The article deals with the important issue of finding the balance between the effective protection of copyright and neighbouring rights, guaranteed by Article 60 and 33 of the Slovenian Constitution, and other constitutional rights such as freedom of expression (Article 39), the freedom of artistic creation (Article 59), the right to private property (Article 33), and the freedom of economic initiative (Article 74). The aforementioned constitutional aspects are especially relevant regarding the recent decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Slovenia and the Higher Court in Ljubljana in disputes between collecting societies, users and authors. The issue is also important from the point of view of European law. We will first emphasise the basic postulates deriving from the constitutional protection of copyright, which were developed by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia and the German constitutional practice. We will present key decisions in Slovenian and German constitutional practices, and we will focus in particular on the decision of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the case "Metall-auf-Metall". Furthermore, we will assess the recent decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Slovenia and the Higher Court in Ljubljana from the point of view of constitutional law. We will comment on the most important decisions of the CJEU in relation to the interpretation of the second paragraph of Article 17 of the EU Charter.
Keywords: Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, copyright, neighbouring rights, freedom of expression, EU law, EU Charter on Fundamental Rights
