Povzetek: Prispevek odpira in obravnava obligacijskopravna vprašanja prevoza z Uberjem pod predpostavko, da bi ta prodrl tudi na trg Republike Slovenije. V uvodu je predstavljeno delovanje Uberjeve digitalne pametne platforme in mobilne aplikacije, s katero uporabniki dostopajo do storitev. Posebna pozornost je namenjena problemom in izzivom, ki jih prinaša digitalizacija ponujanja različnih storitev, pri čemer je poudarek na konkretnem primeru prevoza z Uberjem. Ob upoštevanju dejstva, da problematika ponujanja storitev posega na različna pravna področja, se avtor v prispevku omejuje izključno na obligacijskopravna vprašanja.
Uvodu sledi krajša analiza odločitve Sodišča EU v zadevi Asociación Profesional Elite Taxi proti Uber Systems Spain SL in mnenja generalnega pravobranilca Szpunarja, ki sta posebej pomembna predvsem z vidika vprašanja, za kakšno vrsto storitev sploh gre in ali se za presojo tovrstnih storitev uporablja pravo EU ali nacionalno pravo. Kljub temu, da se Sodišče EU in generalni pravobranilec v predstavljeni zadevi nista ukvarjala z obligacijskopravnimi vprašanji, lahko njune zaključke in pomisleke uporabimo kot usmeritev pri iskanju odgovorov na obligacijskopravna vprašanja.
Med temi avtor v prispevku obravnava predvsem vprašanje trenutka sklenitve pogodbe med osebami, ki so udeležene pri prevozu z Uberjem, tj. uporabnikom, upravljavcem platforme in voznikom. Glavno vprašanje, ki mu je namenjen osrednji del prispevka, je vprašanje pravne narave obligacijskopravnega razmerja med upravljavcem platforme (Uberjem) in uporabnikom. Pri iskanju odgovora nanj so upoštevane možnosti več pogodbenih tipov - posredniška, špedicijska ali prevozna pogodba. Pri vsaki izmed njih so predstavljeni argumenti za podreditev razmerja posameznemu pogodbenemu tipu in proti njej.
Ključne besede: prevozna pogodba, prevoz s taksijem, Uber, odškodninska odgovornost Uberja, splošni pogoji poslovanja, posredovanje pri sklepanju prevozne pogodbe
Title: Contract Law Questions Pertaining to »Catching-a-ride« with Uber
Abstract: The article addresses contractual law questions related to getting a ride with Uber, under presumption of Uber being available in Slovenia in the future. The introductory chapter presents the modus operandi of Uber and its platform while highlighting the challenges and problems brought by digitalisation of different services, with emphasis being on Uber. Considering the fact that offering services via a digital platform is covered by different fields of law, the author focuses entirely on questions pertaining to contract law.
The introductory part is followed by a brief analysis of the CJEU Judgment in Asociación Profesional Elite Taxi versus Uber Systems Spain SL and the Opinion of Attorney General Szpunar. These are important particularly in regards to the type of services provided by Uber, and whether EU or national law is applicable. Although the CJEU and Attorney General have not dealt with the questions of contract law in this matter, their ratio decidendi is important nonetheless as it may indicate the circumstances that have to be considered when addressing the questions pertaining to contract law.
Among the latter, the author discusses mainly the conclusion of contracts between persons participating in an Uber ride - the user, the platform operator and the driver. The main question - and the core of the article - is the question of legal nature of the contractual relationship between the platform operator (Uber) and its users. Regarding the latter, different types of contracts are considered - the intermediary contract, freight forwarding contract and transportation contract - including the reasoning behind applying a certain set of rules to the contract in question.
Keywords: transportation contract, taxi rides, Uber, liability of platform operators, terms and conditions, intermediating in transportation contract conclusion
